The Test!

*If you need any extra help, please speak to Mr. Mak BEFORE next Thursday

**There will be an extra help/study session next Tuesday at lunch. Hope to see you there...

***The new Louis Riel project will be posted by Tuesday

The Development of Western Canada - Unit Test

1.     Prime Minister Macdonald wanted the Dominion of Canada to expand to the  _________________ for a variety of reasons. Overall, he felt it was important this area became part of Canadian territory before the _______________________ could take it over.

2.     Although many settlers from Ontario were willing to move to the Prairies to start farms, this land had long been inhabited by the ___________________________ and _______________________. This would soon lead to conflicts between settlers, as they tried to defend their rights. These people lived off the land and felt that wildlife was sacred, and people should care for the environment – very different views than those of the Europeans.

3.     The name Metis comes from the French meaning ”mixed,” because they typically had one male parent from _______________________ and one female that was of _______________________________ descent.

4.     The Metis followed the ____________________________ religion, but also the spirituality associated with First Nations. By contrast, the British mostly followed the _______________________ religion.

5.     Animals such as _________________ were essential to the Metis because they provided food and clothing. In the 1800’s, European settlers made weapons called rifles available to the Metis, making it much easier to kill these animals. As a result, their populations dropped to near extinction, which led many Metis to starvation or extreme hunger.

6.     Red River was located where the Province of _______________________ is now found.

7.     Rupert’s Land was originally owned by the ________________________________. The Government of Canada ended up buying it in 1869 for only 1.5 million dollars.

8.     Canada’s first Prime Minister, Sir John A. Macdonald, sent a man named ____________________________, who was the Lieutenant-Governor of Canada, to the area known as Rupert’s Land to set up a new government. His job involved getting this huge area under control of the Canadian government, and getting it ready for the arrival of _______________________________. Unfortunately, the Canadian government did not consider the opinions and rights of the Metis people who were already living on this land.

9.     In 1869 __________________________ became the leader of the Metis, at the age of only 25. He was born in Red River but studied in the province of ______________________ for 10 years. When the Canadian government sent land surveyors to decide how they would use and divide the land in Red River, the Metis people were vey concerned. They informed the Canadian government about their concerns, but the representative, McDougall, did not listen. The Metis stopped him and directed him to the US border, off their land.

10.  At first, Riel wanted to negotiate with the Canadian government to decide the fate of Red River, but these efforts were not successful. Next, Riel set up a temporary government, also called a ______________________________. His goal was to peacefully negotiate in a way that would fairly represent both Canada and the Metis. Some of their requests included that they wanted their land to enter Canada as a _______________________, they wanted Canadian government money to be used for both public schools and ___________________ schools and they wanted the Lieutenant-Governor and Judge of the Supreme Court to be bilingual, which meant they spoke both the French and English languages. By speaking both languages they could meet the needs of both the Canadians and Metis more effectively.

11.  __________________________ was an Irish Protestant who moved from Ontario to Red River. He practised the Protestant religion, and did not believe in the rights of Roman Catholics. He openly talked about his views that the ___________________ should not be part of the Canadian government, and that their ideas and demands should be ignored.  Louis Riel obviously disliked Scott. The temporary Metis government arrested Scott and found him guilty of ____________________. As a result, in March 1870 he was executed.

12.  The execution of Scott prompted the Canadian Government to issue a warrant for the arrest of Riel, who fled to the ______________________. He would eventually return to Canada and continue his fight for Metis rights.

13.  In 1885 Metis and First Nations settlers began living in the area that would eventually become the province known as ________________________________. Many had left the Red River area after the problems of 1869. At this point there were very few Bison left to hunt, and many Metis faced starvation. The Metis began sending requests to the Canadian government that continued to be ignored and dismissed.

14.  Riel was persuaded by several Metis representatives to return to Canada and lead the Metis once again. In 1885, Louis Riel set up another temporary government and took over a church in a town called _____________________.  Frustrated by the lack of compromise from the Canadian government, the Metis and First Nations chiefs were ready to support Riel, using violence, if needed.

15.  Prime Minister Macdonald did not delay. He immediately assembled troops to fight the Metis and took advantage of the newly constructed _____________________________to bring troops over quickly.

16.  ________________________________ was appointed military commander and tried to attack using Guerrilla tactics, which meant using ambush and surprise attacks against the Canadian North-West Mounted Police and troops. This strategy worked well considering the Canadians had far more troops and more advanced weapons.

17.  Between March and May 1885 several battles took place between the Metis, with help from various First Nations groups, and the Canadians. One of the final battles of the Northwest rebellions took place at Batoche. During this battle ________________________ surrendered and was arrested. _______________________________ fled to the United States.

18.  In the end, people of British background, also called the “English,” felt Riel was a traitor and needed to be dealt with harshly. In Quebec, the “French” felt he was a hero for defending Metis and French language rights.  In court, Riel was found guilty of ___________________and he received the death penalty.

19.  In __________ the Canadian government reversed Riel’s conviction, recognized him as the founder of _________________________ and declared he was an important advocate of Metis rights.

20.  In 1870, _______________________ became Canada’s next province.

21.  The government of this province and the courts would speak both English and French. The province had separate school boards, paid for by the _______________________________.  These were two of the requests made by the temporary Metis government.

22.  The North-Western territory also came under control of Canada in 1870. It was joined together with Rupert’s Land to form the Northwest Territories. In 1876, the Federal Government appointed a ________________________________ and ____________________ for the Northwest Territories. In 1886, it was finally given seats in the _____________________________.

23.  British Columbia is located on the West coast of Canada, along the Pacific Ocean. In 1858, ___________________ was found in an area called the _________________________ which caused a big influx of people hoping to strike it rich.

24.  Some people supported the idea of British Columbia joining the United States, while others wanted it to become part of Canada. Although it would have been easier to develop railway connections with the USA, many British Columbians wanted to keep their connections to ___________________ and realized joining Canada was the best way to do so.

25.  Sir John A. Macdonald, wanted to expand Canada from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, and reached an agreement for British Columbia to join Canada as its _____________________ province in the year 1871.

26.  In order to convince B.C. to join Canada, Macdonald promised that a railway would be built from _______________________  to the Pacific Ocean within ____________________, by the Federal Government.

27.  Although Prince Edward Island (P.E.I.) was involved in discussions about joining Canada at the 1864 Charlottetown conference, it did not join, and soon realized this was a bad decision. The other Maritimes Provinces continued to grow and prosper, but P.E.I. did not. Macdonald offered to help complete a costly railway across P.E.I. if it were to join Canada. In 1873 it became Canada’s _______________ province.

28.  In 1873, largest city in Canada was _____________________________, with a population over 100,000. In terms of area, the largest province or territory was _________________________________. 

 29. Spell “Saskatchewan.” _______________________

*CHOOSE ONE QUESTION AND ANSWER ALL PARTS IN FULL SENTENCES*

(4 marks)

1. a) Describe two specific ways the Metis way of life was negatively impacted by the Canadian Government’s take over of Red River.  

1. b) Do you think this could this have been avoided? Explain how.

2. Do you think the demands of the Metis Temporary Government for the Canadian Government were reasonable? State yes or no, and explain why, referring to two or more specific demands they made.

3. a) McDougall blindly followed his instructions from Sir John A. MacDonald to ignore the rights of the Metis and First Nations when settling the areas around Red River. Put yourself in his position. How could he have acted differently to improve relations between the Canadian Government and Metis people?

3. b) How might this have changed Canadian History? Explain your thoughts.

Thomas Scott

Roman Catholic

William McDougall

Settlers

Louis Riel

Canadian Pacific Railway

Bison

1992

Province

West

Manitoba

Protestant

Fifth

Lieutenant-Governor

Britain

Metis

Treason

Hudson Bay Company

Gabriel Dumont

First Nations

Quebec

United States

Saskatchewan

Fraser River

Federal Government

Gabriel Dumont

Batoche

Treason

Manitoba

Provisional

Seventh

Religious

The Northwest Territories

Government

Louis Riel

France

Gold

United States

Catholics
Council

Sixth

Ontario

First Nations

Montreal
Manitoba

10 years

Saskatchewan

Wednesday

http://pearsontextbook.weebly.com/history.html

Name: ______________________

Class:_________________

The Development of Western Canada – Unit 2 – Hunt #1(pg. 68- 74 )

1.     In unit two we will learn about the _______________________________________________.

2.     Prime Minister Macdonald wanted Canada to expand _________________ for a variety of reasons. He felt it was important that the ____________________ became part of Canadian territory before the _______________________ could take the area over.

3.     Although many settlers from ________________________ were willing to move to the Prairies, which had very rich soil, to start farms, the land had long been inhabited by the ___________________________ and _____________________________. This would lead to conflicts between settlers and these groups were quickly as they tried to defend their rights.

4.     Which modern-day provinces are referred to as the Praries? _____________________________________________________

5.     The First nations lived in the Praries for __________________________ of years before Europeans came. These people lived off the land and felt that wildlife was sacred, and people should care for the environment.

6.     There were many First Nations groups living throughout North America. The ______________________ hunted __________________, and used these for _____________, _________________ and __________________________.

7.     The First Nations often followed the resources needed to survive. Animal herds were used for ________________________ and ________________________. __________________ were used to make tools. ___________________ were an important food they gathered during summer months.

8.     In First nations groups, men typically ______________________ and _____________________. Women gathered ________________ and _________________________. They also  ___________________________________ animal meat, and made  both _____________________________ and _______________________.

9.     The Blackfoot made a mix of dried meat, fat and berries known as ___________________. They traded this with other northern First Nation groups for _________________________.

10.  After horses went extinct _____________________________, the Spanish brought them over around the year ____________________, while exploring _________________.

11.  Horses that escaped or were traded eventually found their way North, and First Nations groups captured and tamed these. Horses were important to groups, such as the Blackfoot, because they allowed them to _________, ________ and ___________________ in much larger areas than before.

12.  Explain what a travois is.   __________________________________________________________                     ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Name: ______________________

Class:_________________

The Development of Western Canada – Unit 2 – Hunt #2 (pg. 68- 74 )

1.     In addition to the First Nations, the ____________ also lived on the Prairies since the ______________. The word Metis comes from the French meaning ______________, because these people had one male parent from _______________________ and one female that was _______________________________.

2.     Many Metis people spoke two languages, which meant they were ____________________. Typically they spoke _____________________ and a First Nations language such as _________________ or ____________________________.

3.     The Metis followed both the ____________________________ religion, but also the spirituality associated with First Nations.

4.     Bison were essential to the Metis because they provided  __________________ and _______________________ . They were hunted using either ___________________________ or by ________________________________ the animals over cliffs. In the 1800’s, European settlers made weapons called ________________________ available to the Metis, making it much easier to kill Bison. As a result, the number of Bison dropped from millions in the 1830’s to only __________________ by the year ___________. The fact that Bison were nearly extinct led many to ________________________ or extreme hunger.

5.     The Hudson Bay Company was founded in ____________________. In __________________ a Treaty was signed, called the Treaty of ____________________ which gave the _________________________ control of all the fur-trading posts that used to be controlled by the ________________________.

6.     The children of British fur traders, who were working for the HBC, and First Nations females were often referred to as ____________________________. Similar to the Metis, many of the country-born children were Bilingual. They spoke ________________  and ___________________.

7.     Instead of being Roman Catholic, like the Metis, they were often ____________________________, but still followed the First Nations spirituality.

8.     Describe three main differences between the way Metis and Western Settlers lived. _________________________________________________________________________________                  ________________________________________________________________________________  ________________________________________________________________________________                  ________________________________________________________________________________  ________________________________________________________________________________

9.     Explain what Michif is. ______________________________________________________________      ________________________________________________________________________________

10.  List four typical foods eaten during Metis celebrations. _________________________, ___________________________, _________________________ and _____________________________.                                

Name:_______________________

Class:_______________________

Chapter 4 – Scavenger Hunt #3 – The Red River Resistance Part 1 (pgs. 78-80)

1.     Read the graphic mini-novel about the life of Louis Riel carefully (pg. 106-107).

2.     Red River was located where the Province of _______________________ is now found.

3.     _____________________________, now known as Ontario, was interested in purchasing ________________________________. Rupert’s Land was originally owned by the ________________________________. The Government of Canada ended up buying Rupert’s land in ___________________.  The map on page 66 shows where Rupert’s land was.

4.     The area known as Rupert’s land covered the Northern Ontario, ________________, __________________, _________________, _____________________ and ________________________. At the time, Canada paid _______________________________ for this land.

5.     Canada’s first Prime Minister, ___________________________, sent a man named ________________________, who was the Lieutenant-Governor of Canada, to the area known as __________________________ to set up a new government. Unfortunately, the Canadian government did not consider the opinions and rights of the ___________________ people who were already living on this land.

6.     Describe three ways the Metis thought their way of life would be negatively impacted by the Canadian development and take over of Red River. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7.     In 1869 __________________________ became the leader of the Metis, at the age of only 25. He was born in _________________________ but studied in the province of ______________________ for 10 years. When the Canadian government sent land surveyors to decide how they would use and divide the land in Red River, the Metis people were vey concerned. They formed a group called the _______________________________________________ to represent their interests. This group sent a message to the Canadian government that they should not come to __________________________ without begin given permission first. The government representative, McDougall, did not listen. The Metis stopped him and directed him to the ________________ border, off their land.

8.     At first, Louis Riel wanted to negotiate with the Canadian government to decide the fate of Red River, but these efforts were not successful. Next, Riel set up a temporary government, also called a ______________________________, that could negotiate with the Canadian government to decide how to set up a permanent government that would fairly represent both Canada and the Metis.

9.     The Provisional (temporary) government had a few important demands to ensure the needs of the Metis people were being met. Firstly, they wanted their land to enter Canada as a _______________________. They wanted Canadian government money to be used for both public schools and ___________________ schools. Lastly, they wanted the Lieutenant-Governor and Judge of the Supreme Court to be _________________, which meant they spoke both the ___________________and ________________ languages.

10.  Do you think the demands of the Metis Provisional Government for the Canadian government were reasonable? State yes or no, and explain why. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Name:_______________________

Class:_______________________

Chapter 4 – Scavenger Hunt #4 – The Red River Resistance – Part Two (pgs. 81-82)

1.     William McDougall was a __________________ and ________________ from ___________________.  Sir John A. Macdonald _____________________ him to be the first ___________________________ of the ______________________________. His job involved getting this huge area under control of the ______________________________ government, and getting it ready for the arrival of _______________________________. McDougall was given instructions not to worry about the demands of the _______________________ and ___________________ already living on this land.

2.     Do you think McDougall did the right thing following his instructions to ignore the right of the Metis and First Nations? Should he have acted differently? Explain your thoughts. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.     ____________________________ was a Protestant who came from ____________________ to Red River in 1863. Scott wanted Canada to grow and succeed and to avoid take over by the ____________________.  He wanted Canada to stay part of the ___________________________.

4.     Since he practised the Protestant religion, he did not believe in the right of Roman ____________________. He openly talked about his views that the ___________________ should not be part of the Canadian government, and that their ideas and demands should be ignored.  Louis Riel obviously disliked Scott and his disrespect for the rights of the Metis. The temporary (Provisional) Metis government ___________________ Scott and found him guilty of ____________________. Treason is when someone’s actions betray or are ______________________ to their country’s government. As a result, in March 1870 he was ____________________.

5.     The execution of Scott caused the Canadian Government to consider Riel a _______________, and they issue a _____________________ for his arrest. Riel fled to the ______________________, but would eventually return to Canada and continue his fight for Metis rights.

6.     The small circle on the map below shows the location of Red River. At the center of Red River was a settlement known as Fort Garry.

Name:_______________________

Class:_______________________

Chapter 4 – Scavenger Hunt #5 – The Northwest Rebellion – (pgs. 103-108)

1.     In __________________ settlers began living in the area that would eventually become the province known as ________________________________. These people included many ____________________ who had left the Red River area after the problems of 1869. At this point there were very few ____________________ left to hunt, and many Metis faced starvation.

2.     The Metis began sending requests to __________________ asking for control of their ____________________, ________________________, ____________________ and a ___________________ force. Unfortunately, these requests continued to be ignored and dismissed.

3.     After living in the ____________________, ________________________ was persuaded to return to Canada and lead the Metis once again. In _________________________ Louis Riel set up another ___________________________ government and took over a church in a town called _________________. 

4.     Both the ___________ and ______________ chiefs were ready to support Riel.

5.     Despite some controversy and losing office for several years, _________________________________ was once again Prime Minister when Riel began his second attempt to help the Metis.

6.     Macdonald did not delay. He immediately assembled ________________ to fight the Metis and took advantage of the CPR (___________________________) to bring troops near the city of Batoche.

7.     ________________________________ was appointed military commander and tried to attack using Guerrilla tactics, which meant using ____________________ and ___________________ attacks against the Canadian North-West Mounted Police and troops. This strategy worked well considering the Canadians had far more troops and more advanced weapons.

8.     Between March and May 1885 several battles took place between the Metis, which help from various First Nations groups, and the Canadians. One of the final battles of the Northwest rebellions took place at ____________________. During this battle ________________________ surrendered and was _______________________. _______________________________ fled to the ______________________________.

9.     Re-read the Graphic Mini-novel about Riel’s life on pages 106-107.

10.  In the end, people of British background, also called the “_____________________,” felt Riel was a traitor and needed to be dealt with harshly. In Quebec, the “French” felt he was a hero for defending _____________________ and ____________________ rights.  In court, Riel was found guilty of treason and he received the death penalty.

11.  In __________ the Canadian government reversed Riel’s conviction, recognized him as the founder of _________________________ and declared he was an important advocate of __________________ rights.

Name:_______________________

Class:_______________________

Chapter 4 – Scavenger Hunt #6 – New Provinces and Territories – (pgs. 83-87)

1.     By 1869 Canada included four provinces: ________________________, ________________________, __________________________ and ______________________________________.

2.     Over the next four years, ________________ additional provinces joined Canada.

3.     In 1870, _______________________ became Canada’s _____________________ province.

4.     The province was originally quite small, taking up the area that used to be known as ________________________. The government of this province and the courts would speak both ______________ and ___________________. The province had separate ______________________ and ________________________ school boards, paid for by the _______________________________.

5.     Manitoba received the nickname the “ ____________________________________________,” because it was so tiny at first. The census showed its population to be only _________________________ residents in __________________.

6.     The ___________________________ also came under control of Canada in __________________. It was joined together (combined) with _____________________________ to form the ____________________________________.  At first it had no _______________________________ and was controlled directly by ___________________________. In 1876 the Federal Government appointed a ________________________________ and ____________________ for the Northwest Territories. In__________________ it was finally given seats in the Federal Government.

7.     British Colombia is located on the West coast of Canada, along the ___________________ ocean. In 1858 ___________________ was found in an area called the _________________________ which caused a big influx of people hoping to strike it rich.

8.     Some people supported the idea of British Colombia joining the ____________________________, while others wanted it to become part of Canada. Although it would have been easier to develop railway connections with the USA, many British Colombians wanted to keep their connections to ___________________ and realized joining Canada was the best way to do so. Sir John A. Macdonald, wanted to expand Canada from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, and reached an agreement for British Colombia to join Canada as its _____________________ province in the year _____________________. Its population was only _______________________ at the time.

9.     In order to convince B.C. to join Canada, Macdonald promised that a railway from _______________________ to the __________________ Ocean would be built within ____________________, by ________________.

10.  Although Prince Edward Island (P.E.I.) was involved in discussions about joining Canada at the 1864 Charlottetown conference, it did not join, but soon realized this was a bad decision. The other Maritimes Provinces, ___________________________ and ________________________ continued to grow and prosper, but P.E.I. did not. Macdonald offered to help complete a costly railway across P.E.I. if it were to join Canada. In ______________ it became Canada’s _______________ province. 125 years after P.E.I. joined Canada, a 13-kilometer bridge, known as the _____________________________  bridge was built, linking New Brunswick to P.E.I.

11.  In 1873 what was the largest city in Canada? _____________________________

12.  What was this city’s approximate population? _____________________________

13.  Which two cities had populations of 50,000-100,000? _______________ and ______________

14.  In terms of area, which province or territory was Canada’s largest at the time? ____________________________

15.  In terms of TOTAL population, which province had the most citizens living in it? _______________________________

16.  Approximately how many TOTAL people lived in this province? _______________________